Thoracic aortic aneurysm repair involving neck vessels in a patient with tertiary syphilis. Case report

Abstract

The aneurysmal dilation of the aorta is a pathology with a significant prevalence among the conditions that afflict it, depending on the area involved, whether thoracic or abdominal aorta has a variable mortality that requires different and specific forms of repair according to the technical feasibility and fragility of the patient. Computed tomography angiography or magnetic resonance angiography are the tests of choice for the differential diagnosis of the different pathologies of the aorta, providing structural details to design strategies in relation to techniques to be used for its approach or repair.
Among the multiple therapeutic options for aneurysmal dilatations involving the thoracic aorta, endovascular repair of aneurysms have become a very viable therapeutic option by providing less comorbidity compared to open surgical repair, even in very complex situations where important aortic branches may coexist, in these cases endovascular repair of aneurysms continues to be of choice as it can be complemented with minimal surgical revascularization either previously or concomitantly, thus constituting an effective and efficient hybrid technique. This work presents a patient with the diagnosis of tertiary syphilis in whom a significant compromise of the thoracic aorta is evidenced, consisting of an aneurysmal dilatation in its descending portion that extrinsically compresses the origin of the arteries: primitive carotid and left subclavian. A carotid:carotid bridge was performed firstly and in the femoral route until the lesion in the thoracic aorta, the same without compromising the circulation of the vessels of the neck preserving the indemnity of the cerebral circulation and achieving a successful exclusion of the thoracic aneurysm with the endoprosthesis.