Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis and lung injury induced by the use of electronic cigarettes or vapers (EVALI)
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is a diffuse disease due to the accumulation of surfactant in the alveoli that can cause dyspnea and progressively lead to respiratory failure. Although it is usually of immune etiology, there are secondary and congenital cases. E-cigarette induced lung injury (EVALI) is a recently described entity and has multiple clinical and histopathological expressions, among which only a couple of reports present pulmonary alveolar proteinosis as part of the spectrum. We describe the clinical case and management of one young man and analyze the possible cellular mechanisms that could generate this association.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Seymour JF, Presneill JJ. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis: progress in the first 44 years. Am J RespirCrit Care Med. 2002:15;166(2):215-35. doi: 10.1164/rccm.2109105
Trapnell BC, Nakata K, Bonella F, Campo I, Griese M, Hamilton J, et al. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019:7;5(1):16. doi: 10.1038/s41572-019-0066-3.
Kumar A, Abdelmalak B, Inoue Yy, Culver DA. Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis in adults: pathophysiology and clinical approach. Lancet Respir Med. 2018:6(7):554-565. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30043-2.
Siegel DA, Jatlaoui TC, Koumans EH, Kiernan EA, Layer M, Cates JE, et al. Update: Interim Guidance for health care providers evaluating and caring for patients with suspected e-cigarette, or vaping, product use associated lung injury - United States, October 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(41):919-927. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6841e3
Werner AK, Koumans EH, Chatham-Stephens K, Salvatore P, Armatas C, Byers P, et al. Hospitalizations and deaths associated with EVALI. N Engl J Med. 2020:23;382(17):1589-1598. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1915314
Butt Y, Smith M, Tazelaar H, Vaszar LT, Swanson KL, Cecchini MJ, et al. Pathology of vaping-associated lung injury. N Engl J Med. 2019: 381(18):1780-1781. doi:10.1056/nejmc191306
Mikosz CA, Danielson M, Anderson KN, Pollack LA, Currie DW, Njai R, et al. Characteristics of patients experiencing rehospitalization or death after hospital discharge in a nationwide outbreak of e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury - United States, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;68(5152):1183-1188. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm685152e1
Israel AK, Velez MJ, Staicu SA, Ambrosini R, McGraw M, Agrawal T.A Unique case of secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis after e-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury. Am J RespirCrit Care Med. 2020;202(6):890-893. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202002-0252LE
Chua TH, Takano A, Yao YJ, Chow SY, Devanand A, Kiang Tay Ch. Autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis with a history of vaping and vitamin E-positive bronchoalveolar lavage. Respirol Case Rep. 2021;9(11):e0864. doi: 10.1002/rcr2.864.