Under continuous update.

Under development.

The editorial committee of Revista del Nacional (Itauguá) adheres to the recommendations established by the international publishing community regarding the use of artificial intelligence in the preparation of scientific articles, as set out in the following documents:

1. COPE (Authorship and Artificial Intelligence Tools);
   2. WAME (Chatbots, Generative Artificial Intelligence, and Scientific Manuscripts);
   3. ICMJE (Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Technologies);
   4. Heredia Declaration: Principles on the Use of Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Publishing.

Generative AI technologies (e.g., chatbots or large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT) cannot be listed as authors or co-authors of a manuscript. Generative AI-based programs, services, and tools do not meet the requirements for authorship, as they are not (and cannot be) responsible for the work submitted, nor can they declare the existence or absence of conflicts of interest or manage copyright. The use of chatbots or other AI-based programs, services, and tools is not prohibited during the preparation of a manuscript. These services and tools may be used for text editing, source searching, and fair data collection and analysis. Authors should be aware that chatbots often transmit inaccurate or false information, which requires ongoing human supervision and verification. If an artificial intelligence program was used to prepare the manuscript, please detail:

Name, version, and year of the program used; Search terms and/or prompts used;

Detailed description of the methodology used in the Artificial Intelligence Statement section, before the References. A detailed description of the use of generative artificial intelligence tools, technologies, programs, and services should also be included in the manuscript submission letter addressed to the editor-in-chief.

Authors are solely responsible for the manuscript submitted to the journal, regardless of the AI programs, services, and tools used and their scope. Authors also assume full responsibility for any breach of the rules of use of such programs, services, and tools, as well as for the use of their results.

When reviewing manuscripts, the editor-in-chief uses Plag.es, a detector of texts generated by artificial intelligence. The journal tolerates up to 10% AI use in all manuscripts.

Generative AI should not be used to create or manipulate research data.
The use of AI does not exempt authors from their responsibility for the content of the manuscript.
Authors should carefully review and edit any AI-generated text to ensure its accuracy and relevance, especially given the risk of generative AI hallucination.
The editorial team will evaluate the declared use of AI in the context of the manuscript's theoretical and methodological contribution. Editors reserve the right to request additional information about the use of AI.
Failure to comply with this policy may result in:
- Rejection of the manuscript.
- Retraction of published articles.
- Temporary or permanent ban from publishing in the journal.

Use of AI by peer reviewers

Peer reviewers play a vital role in scientific publishing. Their expert assessments and recommendations guide editors in their decisions and ensure that published research is valid, rigorous, and reliable. Editors select peer reviewers primarily for their in-depth knowledge of the subject matter and/or methodology of the manuscript under review. Peer reviewers are responsible for the accuracy and opinions expressed in their reviews, and the peer review process operates on a principle of trust between authors, reviewers, and editors. Despite rapid progress, generative AI tools have limitations and may lack up-to-date knowledge and generate meaningless, biased, or false information. Manuscripts may include confidential or proprietary information that should not be shared outside the peer review process. If any section of the review or statements made in the manuscript were supported by an AI tool, Revista del Nacional (Itauguá) urges peer reviewers to declare its use transparently in the peer review guide.